transport system mechanism. mechanism of transportation in some organisms and lower animals. unicellular organisms mechanisms of transportation. types of transport mechanism in animal, TRANSPORTATION IN ORGANISMS.
These mechanisms are essential for the transportation of nutrients, gases, hormones, and waste products, ensuring the proper functioning of their cells and organs. Here are some of the major transport mechanisms in animals:
- Circulatory System: The circulatory system, composed of the heart, blood vessels, and blood, is a common transport mechanism in animals. It distributes oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and other essential substances throughout the body and collects metabolic waste products for excretion. In vertebrates, including humans, the circulatory system can be further divided into the cardiovascular system (blood vessels and heart) and the lymphatic system (lymph vessels and lymph nodes).
- Respiratory System: The respiratory system enables the transport of oxygen from the external environment to the body’s tissues and the removal of carbon dioxide. This transport occurs through specialized respiratory organs, such as lungs in mammals, gills in fish, and tracheal systems in insects. Oxygen enters the bloodstream, where it binds to hemoglobin in red blood cells for distribution to cells throughout the body.
- Digestive System: The digestive system processes ingested food, breaking it down into smaller molecules that can be absorbed and transported to cells. Absorption occurs primarily in the small intestine, where nutrients are transported across the intestinal lining into the bloodstream or the lymphatic system. The circulatory system then distributes these nutrients to cells for energy production and other metabolic processes.
mechanism of transport in unicellular organisms
In unicellular organisms, the continuous streaming movements of the cytoplasm circulate materials within one-cell body.
In Amoeba for example, which changes its shape as it moves, the cytoplasm streams from the rear to the front of the organism along the direction of its movement.
In paramecium, another unicellular organism which do not change its shape, the continuous circular movement of the cytoplasm brings about the distribution of materials such as food, oxygen, and carbon dioxide within its body.
Blood vessels transport system
There are different types of blood vessels
in the body. You know that during
inhalation a fresh supply of oxygen fills
the lungs.
Oxygen has to be transported
to the rest of the body.
Also, the blood picks up the waste
materials including carbon dioxide from
the cells. This blood has to go back to
the heart for transport to the lungs for
removal of carbon dioxide
mechanism of transportation in simple multicellular organisms
HYDRA TRANSPORT SYSTEM
:
hydra is a two-layered body organism enclosed in a huge gut cavity. Movements of the gut wall draw water into the gut and cause digested food and oxygen within it to circulate.
This enables the cell lining the gut to absorb the materials. Some cells in the gut have flagellae.
The whipping movement of the flagella also help to circulate the materials in the gut.
FLATWORMS TRANSPORT SYSTEM
: flatworms, e.g. tapeworm, has a thin and flat body so that the surface area to volume ratio is large. In addition, the gut branches extend throughout the body.
These features enable sufficient food and oxygen to diffuse into all the body cells.
A branched excretory system is present to collect and get rid of waste products from the body. As in hydra, movements of the body wall aid the transportation of waste products out of its body.
MECHANISM OF TRANSPORTATION IN INSECTS AND MOLLUSCS
insects and Molluscs have an open circulatory system which helps to transport materials within the body. In the system, the heart pumps blood out into a blood vessel which branches and opens into spaces in the body cavity called haemocoel.
The organs and tissues are bathed in blood, and exchange of materials occurs between the body cells and the blood. Blood in the spaces eventually flows into vessels leading to the heart. Valves in the heart and blood vessels only allow the blood to flow in one direction. In this system, the distribution of blood to the various body parts is poorly controlled.
VEINS TRANSPORT SYSTEM
Veins are the vessels which carry carbon dioxide-rich blood from all parts of the body back to the heart. the veins
have thin walls. There are valves present in veins which allow blood to flow only towards the heart.
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TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM IN MAN
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the Heart transport system
The heart is an organ which beats continuously to act as a pump for the transport of blood, which carries other substances with it. Imagine a pump working for years without stopping! Absolutely impossible. Yet our heart works like a pump non-stop. Let us now learn about the heart.
The heart is located in the chest cavity with its lower tip slightly tilted towards the left
- 53. TYPES OF PASTURE
COMMON GRASSES AND LEGUMES
54. GRASSES
55. LEGUMES
56. ESTABLISHMENT OF PASTURES
57. 201. FORAGE PRESERVATION
58. HAY SILAGE
59. FORESTRY IMPORTANCE OF FORESTRY 206. FOREST MANAGEMENT FOREST REGULATION DEFORESTATION AFFORESTATION
60. DISEASES AND PESTS OF CROPS
61. MAIZE SMUT
62. RICE BLAST
63. MAIZE RUST
64. LEAF SPOT OF GROUNDNUT
65. COW-PEA MOSAIC
66. COCOA BLACK POD DISEASE
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