planting and post Planting operations in agriculture, what is post-planting operation? is planting operations in agriculture same post-planting, planting.
Planting operations typically refer to the process of sowing or transplanting plants in an organized and systematic manner. It involves preparing the soil, selecting appropriate seeds or seedlings, and placing them in the ground according to specific guidelines.
Planting operations can vary depending on the type of plants being grown, the scale of the operation, and the specific agricultural or gardening practices involved. Here are some general steps involved in planting operations:
- Site preparation: The first step is to prepare the planting site. This may involve clearing the area of weeds, rocks, or other debris, and ensuring that the soil is properly tilled and amended to provide a suitable growing environment for the plants.
- Seed selection: If you are starting from seeds, select high-quality seeds that are appropriate for the desired plant species. Consider factors such as germination rate, disease resistance, and suitability for your specific climate and growing conditions.
- Seed treatment (optional): Some seeds may benefit from pre-treatment, such as soaking, scarification (breaking the seed coat), or stratification (exposing the seeds to cold temperatures). These treatments can help improve germination rates and overall plant growth.
- Sowing: For direct seeding, sow the seeds at the appropriate depth and spacing, following the recommendations for the specific plant species. This can be done manually by hand or using specialized seeding equipment.
- Transplanting (if applicable): If you are using seedlings or transplants, carefully remove them from their containers or nursery beds, taking care not to damage the roots. Dig holes or furrows in the planting area and place the seedlings at the appropriate depth, firming the soil gently around the roots.
- Watering: After planting, ensure that the newly sown or transplanted area receives adequate water. This is crucial for establishing good root growth and helping the plants adjust to their new environment.
- Mulching (optional): Applying a layer of organic mulch around the planted area can help conserve soil moisture, suppress weed growth, and moderate soil temperature.
- Follow-up care: Regularly monitor the planted area for any signs of pests, diseases, or nutrient deficiencies. Provide appropriate care, such as fertilization, irrigation, and weed control, as needed.
planting and post-planting operations include transplanting, nursery practices, weeding activities, thinning, mulching, fertilizer application, harvesting and storage practices.
each of these activities has its operational process but in this post let us look at post-operation and planting operations in agriculture and farming. read how to store fertilizer here
so what really is planting and post-planting operations in agriculture?
These are activities carried out by the farmer after land pre-planting operation. planting and post-planting operations in agriculture are farming activities the farmer should do or ought to be prepared to be aware of while the seeds, seedlings or planting materials are being put in the soil.
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explain the term post planting operations in agriculture
Post-planting operations are the series of activities carried out in a farm management system between the period of planting and harvesting. They are necessary to achieve a reasonable yield. planting and post Planting operations
Examples of post-planting operations in agriculture
are:
Fertilization
Weeding
Crop protection
harvesting
irrigation and drainage
Capping/mulching
fumigation
staking
Weeding as a post-planting operation in agricultureOf course, weeding is the most important post-planting operation. If you do not weed your farm on a regular basis, you are likely to have a very low yield.
Weeds are unwanted plants that grow alongside your crop.
Weeds are genetically more viable and aggressive than your crops; they compete with your crops for nutrients, air, and water.
They also harbour pests that can reduce the quantity and quality of your crops. Your crops may find it very difficult to outwit the weeds if you do not intervene; your intervention is in the form of manual or mechanical weeding or using herbicides.
Herbicides are used to control weeds in planting and post Planting operations
fertilizer application type Of post planting operation in agriculture
Fertilization
Apply fertilizers after every weeding. It gives your crop full access to the fertilizer, thus, enhancing efficiency.
Crop protection
Harvesting
What a farmer should know before Before planting operations in agriculture
(i) Planting materials such -as seeds, seedlings, cuttings, sucker and so on should be taken from healthy plant sources.
(ii) They should be free of diseases and pest infestation.
(iii) They should be viable and properly stored before use. Read about farm storage here
(iv) Planting materials of high quality should be bought and collected from the Ministry of Agriculture.
Agricultural Development Project. Research Centres. Agro-Service Centre or Seed Multiplication Units.
The activities\’ associated with planting operations include planting dates, planting dates, seed rate, nursery and nursery practices, capping, transplanting and planting depth
SEE MORE ACTIVITIES HERE
cultural practices in agriculture
Weeding, fertilizer applications, irrigation and drainage and so on…all other operations that will contribute to the well growth or development of planted plants
Date of planting in planting operations in agriculture
This refers to the period of the year at which a particular crop is sown in order to produce well. It is usually after the First rainfall in the year for most crops except where irrigation is practised.
However, planting date varies for different crops. This is due to types of the crops. For example, some grains and legumes require little rainfall for growth and production, and a dry period for the grains and pods to get dried, Vegetables, especially the leafy types require a wet period for their growth and production.
This is why specific period of the year is recommended for the growing of various crops in the different parts of Nigeria and West Africa.
for example, early maize is planted in the South between late February and April, late maize in August/September while it is planted in June in the North. Cotton is planted in June.
Late yam is sown between March and yearly June or November around the riverine areas as an early crop. Cassava is cultivated between March and October for good harvest.
The actual date of the day planting is done is referred to as the sowing date. For instance, maize is grown between February and April but the actual day of planting a plot could be the 28th of February, which becomes the sowing date.
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The observation of the correct date of planting enables crops to escape pests and diseases, failure of crops and maintain high yields.
- Planting distances or spacing
This is the distance given between one stand of cultivated crop and another. It varies from one type crop to another.
When correct planting distance is observed, it enables crops to have high yields, as the nutrients and water available would be enough for the crops. It also allows space for carrying out cultural practices such as weeding, fertilizer application, pest control, and so on.
It ensures that land is not wasted because only the number of plants that the land can take is planted. It prevents overcrowding of crops which may result in poor Yields.
general planting operations on some crops
The recommended_ planting distances for some common, garden crops are:
(a) Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentun): 40cm to 60cm between rows and 30cm to 50cm between \’plants or stands(b) Okra (Abelmoschus): 60cm – 90cm between rows and 30cm between plants or within row.
(c) Cow-pea (Vigna unguiculata): 80cm between rows and 30cm within rows.
(d) Yam (Dioscorea spp): I\’m between rows and 1m between plants
(e) Maize (Zea Mays) 90cm between row and 30cm along rows.
(f) Cass
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