Monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous crops
Angiosperms
Characteristics
(i) They are the most complex green flowering plants
(ii) They are vascular plants
(iii) They have well developed and complete flowers
(iv) They are seed plants with seeds enclosed in the fruit
(v) They are mainly terrestrial plants
(vi) They show more specialized reproductive mechanism involving pollination and fertilization.
Divisions of Angiosperm—(i) Dicotyledonous plants and (ii) Monocotyledonous plants
Angiosperms can be sub-divided into two classes according to the number of seed leaves (cotyledons). These are: (i) Dicotyledonous plants and (ii) Monocotyledonous plants.
Dicotyledonous Plants
Characteristics
(i) They bear seeds which have two seeds leaves or cotyledons
(ii) The vascular bundles of each stem are arranged in a regular pattern
(iii) Their floral parts exist in groups of four or five
(iv) The leaves have veins arranged in branched network
(v) They have tap root system
(vi) They usually undergo secondary growth
Examples include mango, orange, cowpea, groundnut, balsam plant.
Monocotyledonous Plants
Characteristics
(i) They bear seeds which have only one seed leaf (cotyledon)
(ii) The vascular bundles of the stem are scattered.
(iii) Their floral parts exist in groups of three or multiples of three
(iv) Their leaves have veins running parallel to another
(v) They fibrous root system
(vi) The do not undergo secondary growth
(vii) Examples are maize plant. Rice, oil palm trees and guinea grass
Differences Between Monocotyledonous and Dicotyledonous plants
Monocotyledonous plants Dicotyledonous plants
(i) They possess only one seed lead or cotyledon They posses two seed leaves or cotyledons
(ii) They have scattered vascular bundles of stem Vascular bundles of stem are arranged in regular pattern
(iii) They have fibrous root system They have tap root system
(iv) They exhibit hypogeal germination They exhibit epigeal germination
(v) Floral parts exist in groups of three or multiples of three The floral parts exist in groups of four or give
(vi) They possess parallel venation They possess net venation
(vii) There is presence of large pith, ring of vascular bundle in the centre of stem There is presence of xylem (water conducting tissue) in the centre of stem
(viii) They do not undergo secondary growth They undergo secondary growth
HERE YOU WILL FIND EVERY AVAILABLE TOPICS ABOUT AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE AND BIOLOGY. AND THE LINKS TO THEIR VARIOUS SOURCES.
1. DEVELOPMENT OF AGRICULTURE
2. IMPORTANCE OF AGRICULTURE
3. SUBSISTENCE AGRICULTURE
4. COMMERCIAL AGRICULTURE
5. PROBLEM OF AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT
6. SOLUTIONS TO POOR AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT
7. AGRICULTURAL LAWS AND REFORMS
8. ROLES OF GOVERNMENT IN AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT
9. AGRICULTURAL POLICIES
10. PROGRAM PLANNING IN AGRICULTURE
34. FORESTRY
35. WILDLIFE CONSERVATION
36. FACTORS AFFECTING LAND AVAILABILITY
63. PROCESS OF SOIL FORMATION
64. WEATHERING
65. PHYSICAL WEATHERING
66. CHEMICAL WEATHERING
67. PRESSURE
68. WATER
73. BIOLOGICAL WEATHERING
74. CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL COMPOSITION OF THE SOIL
75. SOIL WATER
126. CROP ROTATION
133. FARM POWER AND MACHINERY
134. SOURCES OF FARM POWER
135. HUMAN SOURCE
149. PLOUGHS
142. FIELD MACHINES
157. PLANTERS
164. SIMPLE FARM TOOLS
165. AGRICULTURAL MECHANIZATION
166. THE CONCEPT OF
