Monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous crops
Angiosperms
Characteristics
(i) They are the most complex green flowering plants
(ii) They are vascular plants
(iii) They have well developed and complete flowers
(iv) They are seed plants with seeds enclosed in the fruit
(v) They are mainly terrestrial plants
(vi) They show more specialized reproductive mechanism involving pollination and fertilization.
Divisions of Angiosperm—(i) Dicotyledonous plants and (ii) Monocotyledonous plants
Angiosperms can be sub-divided into two classes according to the number of seed leaves (cotyledons). These are: (i) Dicotyledonous plants and (ii) Monocotyledonous plants.
Dicotyledonous Plants
Characteristics
(i) They bear seeds which have two seeds leaves or cotyledons
(ii) The vascular bundles of each stem are arranged in a regular pattern
(iii) Their floral parts exist in groups of four or five
(iv) The leaves have veins arranged in branched network
(v) They have tap root system
(vi) They usually undergo secondary growth
Examples include mango, orange, cowpea, groundnut, balsam plant.
Monocotyledonous Plants
Characteristics
(i) They bear seeds which have only one seed leaf (cotyledon)
(ii) The vascular bundles of the stem are scattered.
(iii) Their floral parts exist in groups of three or multiples of three
(iv) Their leaves have veins running parallel to another
(v) They fibrous root system
(vi) The do not undergo secondary growth
(vii) Examples are maize plant. Rice, oil palm trees and guinea grass
Differences Between Monocotyledonous and Dicotyledonous plants
Monocotyledonous plants Dicotyledonous plants
(i) They possess only one seed lead or cotyledon They posses two seed leaves or cotyledons
(ii) They have scattered vascular bundles of stem Vascular bundles of stem are arranged in regular pattern
(iii) They have fibrous root system They have tap root system
(iv) They exhibit hypogeal germination They exhibit epigeal germination
(v) Floral parts exist in groups of three or multiples of three The floral parts exist in groups of four or give
(vi) They possess parallel venation They possess net venation
(vii) There is presence of large pith, ring of vascular bundle in the centre of stem There is presence of xylem (water conducting tissue) in the centre of stem
(viii) They do not undergo secondary growth They undergo secondary growth
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WEED AND THEIR BOTANICAL NAMES
1. ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS AFFECTING AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION
2. DISEASES
3. 52. SOIL MICRO-ORGANISMS
4. ORGANIC MANURING
5. FARM YARD MANURE
6. HUMUS
7. COMPOST
8. CROP ROTATION
9. GRAZING AND OVER GRAZING
10. IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE
11. IRRIGATION SYSTEMS
12. ORGANIC MANURING
13. FARM YARD MANURE
14. HUMUS
15. COMPOST
16. CROP ROTATION
- IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE
19. IRRIGATION SYSTEMS
20. INCUBATORS
21. MILKING MACHINE
22. SIMPLE FARM TOOLS
23. AGRICULTURAL MECHANIZATION
24. THE CONCEPT OF MECHANIZATION
25. PROBLEMS OF MECHANIZATION
26. SURVEYING AND PLANNING OF FARMSTEAD
27. IMPORTANCE OF FARM SURVEY
28. SURVEY EQUIPMENT
29. PRINCIPLES OF FARM OUTLAY
30. SUMMARY OF FARM SURVEYING
31. CROP HUSBANDRY PRACTICES
32. PESTS AND DISEASE OF MAIZE- ZEA MAYS
33. CULTIVATION OF MAIZE CROP
34. OIL PALM
35. USES OF PALM OIL
36. MAINTENANCE OF PALM PLANTATION
37. COCOA
38.
39. PROCESSES IN COCOA CULTIVATION
HOLING AND LINING
40. YAM
41. LAND PREPARATION FOR YAM
42. DEPT OF PLANTING
43. SPACING OF YAM
44. PLANTING DEPT OF YAM
45. STORAGE OF YAM
46. STAKING OF YAM
47. HARVESTING OF YAM
48. COWPEA
JUTE
49. FORAGE CROP AND PASTURE
50. FORAGE GRASSES
51. SILAGE
52. PASTURE
53. TYPES OF PASTURE
COMMON GRASSES AND LEGUMES
54. GRASSES
55. LEGUMES
56. ESTABLISHMENT OF PASTURES
57. 201. FORAGE PRESERVATION
58. HAY SILAGE
59. FORESTRY IMPORTANCE OF FORESTRY 206. FOREST MANAGEMENT FOREST REGULATION DEFORESTATION AFFORESTATION
60. DISEASES AND PESTS OF CROPS
61. MAIZE SMUT
62. RICE BLAST
63. MAIZE RUST
64. LEAF SPOT OF GROUNDNUT
65. COW-PEA MOSAIC
66. COCOA BLACK POD DISEASE
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- BALANCED DIETS
141. LACTATION DIETS
142. MALNUTRITION - RINDER PESTS
148. NEWCASTLE DISEASE
149. BACTERIA DISEASES
150. ANTHRAX
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152. TUBERCULOSIS
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155. TRYPONOSOMIASIS159. TAPE WORM
160. ROUND WORM OF PIGS
161. LIVER FLUKE
162. ECTO PARASITES
163. TICK