ANIMAL PESTS OF CROPS

Pests of Crops

1. Bird
   These attack mainly grain crops such as maize, rice, sorghum and barley. They also attack fruits in the field. Examples of these birds are Weaver birds (Quela), parrots, etc.
   A Bird.

(a) Nature of Damage: They peck out planted seeds, eat up grains on the field and destroy leaves of some plants such as oil palm. They also eat ripe fruits such as pawpaw, mango, and cashew.
(b) Control

1. Use of scare crows
2. Spraying chemieals such as furadan with aircraft,
3. Shooting with catapult or gun.
   DIAGRAM

Figure 2.8.5: Scare Crow for birds and mammalian pest in farms.

1. Rodents
   These include rats, grass-cutters, African rabbits and hare.

A Rodent (Grass-cutter)
(a) Nature of Damage: They cut down and eat various parts of the crop especially cereal and tuber crops. Grass-cutters eat up rice, young palm seedlings and maize plants. Rats eat up stored produce like tubers and grains. Hare eat up planted grains.

(b) Control of pests of crop

(i) Use of poison baits
(ii) Use of traps
(iii) By shooting with guns,
(iv) Use of rat gums.

1. Other Mammalian Pests
   These include monkey, deer, antelopes and bush pig.
   They do a lot of damage to crops in the farm by uprooting eating them up. For example, monkey eat up plantains, banana maize and cocoa pods.

Control:
(i) Trapping

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3. COWPEA
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4. FORAGE CROP AND PASTURE
5. FORAGE GRASSES
6. SILAGE
7. PASTURE
8. TYPES OF PASTURE
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9. GRASSES
10. LEGUMES
11. ESTABLISHMENT OF PASTURES
12. 1. FORAGE PRESERVATION
13. HAY SILAGE
14. FORESTRY IMPORTANCE OF FORESTRY 206. FOREST MANAGEMENT FOREST REGULATION DEFORESTATION AFFORESTATION
15. DISEASES AND PESTS OF CROPS
16. MAIZE SMUT
17. RICE BLAST
18. MAIZE RUST
19. LEAF SPOT OF GROUNDNUT
20. COW-PEA MOSAIC
21. COCOA BLACK POD DISEASE

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STUDY QUESTIONS
1. How can insect pests be classified using their feeding habits?
2. (a) Name 10 insect pests you know.
(b) For each one, slate the crop it affects, the damage done to the crop and control measure of the pest.

1. (a) Apart from insect pesis, mime three other pests you blow.
   (b) Which crops do they affect? (b) flow can they be controlled?
2. Classify the following into hiling and chewing piercing and sucking, and boring insect pests:- Beetles, Aphids. stem boreres, caps ids, weevils, locusts, mealybugs, crickets, cotton stainer,
3. Itemise >>>>> you would use for rodents attack on your farm.