pests of crops, types of pests, and Insect pests of crops are those insects that cause physical damage to crops. Insects belong to the group of arthropods.
Generally, pests reduce crop yield both in quality and quantity.
Classify insect pests of crops into feeding groups
Name important field and storage pests of crops
Identify the nature of damage to crops
State preventive and control measures
State other important pests of crops
Identify the nature of their damage to crops
State the preventive and control measures
list of pests of crops
1. Stem borer (Sesamia spp)
2. Boring insect Pests
3. Aphids
4. Pod Borers (Maruca tesulalis
5. Cassava mealy bug (phenacoccus Manihoti
6. Variegated Grasshopper (Zonocerus variegates)
7. Rodents
8. Amnemus weevil (Amnemus sp.)
9. Ants, Seed harvesting (Pheidole)
10. Aphids (various)
11. Aphid, Soybean (Aphis glycine)
12. Aphid, Spotted alfalfa (Therioaphis trifolii)
13. Aphid, Turnip (Lipaphis erysimi)
14. Aphid, Wheat (Rhopalosiphum padi)
15. Armyworms (various)
16. Armyworm, Common (Leucania convecta)
17. Armyworm, Dayfeeding (Spodoptera exempta)
18. Armyworm, Lawn (Spodoptera mauritia)
19. Armyworm, Lesser (Spodoptera exigua)
20. Armyworm, Northern (Mythimna separata)
21. Armyworm, Sugarcane (Leucania stenographa)
22. Australian plague locust (Chortoicetes terminifera)
23. Bean fly (Ophiomyia phaseoli)
24. Bean leafroller (Omiodes diemenalis)
25. Bean looper or Mocis (Mocis alterna)
26. Bean podborer (Maruca vitrata)
27. Bean spider mite (Tetranychus ludeni)
28. Beet webworm (Spoladea recurvalis)
29. Black field cricket (Teleogryllus commodus, T. oceanicus, Lepidogryllus parvulus)
30. Black field earwig (Nala lividipes)
31. Black leaf beetle (Rhyparida nitida)
32. Black sunflower scarab (Pseudoheteronyx sp.)
33. Bluegreen aphid (Acyrthosiphon kondoi)
34. Blue oat mite (Penthaleus major)
35. Brown bean bug, Large (Riptortus serripes)
36. Brown bean bug, Small (Melanacanthus scutellaris)
37. Brown flea beetle (Chaetocnema sp.)
38. Brown mirid (Creontiades pacificus)
39. Brown pasture looper (Ciampa arietaria)
40. Brown shield bug (Dictyotus caenosus)
41. Brown wheat mite (Petrobia latens)
42. Bruchid, Cowpea (Callosobruchus maculatus)
43. Cabbage aphid (Brevicoryne brassicae)
44. Cabbage moth (Plutella xylostella)
45. Castor oil looper (Achaea janata)
46. Click beetle (Agrypnus spp.)
47. Clover springtail (Sminthurus viridis)
47. Cluster caterpillar (Spodoptera litura)
48. Cockroach, Wingless (Calolampra spp.)
49. Common armyworm (Leucania convecta)
50. Common grass blue butterfly (Zizina labradus)
52. Corn aphid (Rhopalosiphum maidis)
53. Corn earworm (Helicoverpa armigera)
54. Cotton aphid (Aphis gossypii)
55. Cotton bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera)
56. Cotton harlequin bug (Tectocoris diophthalmus)
57. Cotton leafhopper (Amrasca terraereginae)
58. Cotton leafperforator (Bucculatrix gossypii)
59. Cotton looper (Anomis flava)
60. Cottonseed bug (Oxycarenus luctuosus)
61. Cotton seedling thrip (Thrips tabaci)
62. Cotton tipworm (Crocidosema plebejana)
63. Cotton webspinner (Achyra affinitalis)
64. Cowpea aphid (Aphis craccivora)
SCROLL DOWN AND GET MORE OF THIS LIST
Classification of crop insect pest into main feeding groups
what is a pest? A pest is an organism which causes damage to crops.
Insect pests are those insects that cause physical damage to crops. Insects belong to the group of arthropods.
Generally, pests reduce crop yield both in quality and quantity.
what is pest
1.
Biting and chewing insect pest
The mouth parts of pests in this group are specially adapted to biting and chewing of various plant parts.
The mouth parts are made up of two hard-biting jaws (mandibles).
In addition to these,
they also have two jaws (maxillae).
They have two lips – a flat upper lip (labrum) and lower lip (labium) while the maxillae are used to push the crop parts into the mouth, the mandibles are used for biting and chewing since they are very strong. These insects can feed on any part of the plant including leaves, fruits, stems, flowers and even roots.
what is pest
Some common biting and chewing insect pests are beetles, grasshoppers, termites, crickets, caterpillars of moths and butterflies, locusts, armyworms and so on.
They feed on many crops such as okra, maize, rice, vegetables, cassava and fruit trees.
DIAGRAM Figure 2.8.1a: Cricket DIAGRAM Figure 2.8.1B: Beetle DIAGRAM Figure 2.8.1c: Grasshopper DIAGRAM Figure 2.8.Id: Caterpillar
2. Piercing and Sucking Insect what is pest
The mouth parts of these insects are shaped like injection needles and are thus adapted to piercing (that is penetrating into the plant part) and sucking (that is removing plant fluid).
what is a pest? These piercing and sucking habits of the insects lead to] the destruction of plant tissues, the development of holes through which disease organisms can enter the plant system and the transfer or harmful germs from diseased plants to healthy ones. All these lead to the weakening and eventual death of the plants affected.
what is a pest?
Good examples of piercing and sucking insect pests are
aphids (plant lice), cotton stainer, mealy bugs, capsid bugs, and scali insects DIAGRAM Figure 2.8.2A: Cotton Stainer
3.
Boring insect Pests
These are insects that bore into plant tissues and seeds, examples are stem borers of cereals and weevils such as beans, rice M maize weevils.
Other insect pests which may not fall into the above groups have been found to affect crops.
An example is the weaving insect which causes the folding of the leaves of crops particularly vegetables.
1ABLISHMENT OF PASTURES
57. 201. FORAGE PRESERVATION
what is pest and their names
NAME OF PEST, CROPS AFFECTED, NATURE OF DAMAGE TO CROPS, PREVENTION AND CONTROL MEASURES
1 Stem borer (Sesamia spp) Cereals e.g. rice, maize sorghum Pest eats up the juicy centres of stems thus causing the crop to collapse and die Burn all crop remains in the farm after harvest, uproot and burn affected crops. Spray with gammaling 20 or DDT.
2 Armyworms – Grain crops e.g. Rice, Maize, and Sorghum They eat up the leaves and stems of the crops leading to mechanical damage of crops. Plant early. Spray with an insecticide such as gammalin 20.
3 Earthworms–M0aize These larvae bore into the cobs or ears of maize thereby eating up the fresh grains Early planting spray with gammalin 20
4 Aphids- Cocoa, groundnut, cowpea They bite and pierce through the outer texture of growing plants. Sucking out the sap leading to stunting, distortion and defoliation in affected plants Spray affected crops with insecticides
5 Pod Borers (Maruca tesulalis) Legumes e.g. Cowpea They cause damage to the tender parts of the plants, by eating up the flower buds and pods. This leads to reduction in yield. Plant with resistant varieties. Spray with gammalin 20 or diagram.
6 Variegated Grasshopper (Zonocerus variegates) Yam, vegetables, rice, cassava, etc. Eats up leaves of plants. Growing point and stem may be eaten too. Spray with gammalin 20 or vetox 85
7 Yam Beetle (Heteroligus meles) Yam Feeds on tubers of yams in the soil causing holes on them Dust yam planting materials with aldrin dust before planting.
8 Cassava mealy bug (phenacoccus Manihoti) Cassava Affected plants become stunted since the internodes are reduced. The tip begins to develop bunchy tops, the leaves die off finally, the whole plant looks like a candle stick. Plant early. Dip cassava cuttings in 0.1% Rogor or ultracide solution for 1 minute before planting
9 Capsids Cocoa The insects attack young shoots of cocoa and introduce toxic saliva into the plant. This kills the plant Spraying with gammalin 20
10 Cotton stainer (dysdercus superstitious) Cotton Attacks opening cotton bolls thus staining the lint Spray with insecticide
11 Weevils Rice, maize, beans Eat up the cotyledons of stored products Spray with insecticide
12 Fruits worm The larva eats up the fruits Spray with vetox 85
13 Termites Oil palm, cassava, sugar cane, yam, etc They destroy roots and seedlings of plants especially when young Spray with aldrex 40. Water crops regularly in the dry season.
14 Boll worms Cotton They eat up succulent bolls. Bolls drop off prematurely Pick and burn affected bolls. Spray with insecticides
Other Pests of Crops
What is a pest? a pest can be a bird as long as it is destroying farm produce
1. Bird
These attack mainly grain crops such as maize, rice, sorghum and barley. They also attack fruits in the field.
Examples of these birds are Weaver birds
(Quela), parrots, etc. DIAGRAM Figure 2.8.4: A Bird.
what is pest
(a) Nature of Damage: They peck out planted seeds, eat up grains on the field and destroy leaves of some plants such as oil palm. They also eat ripe fruits such as pawpaw, mango, and cashew.
how to control crop pests in the farm and storage
1. Use of scarecrows2. Spraying chemicals such as furadan with aircraft,
3. Shooting with a catapult or gun.
Scarecrows for birds and mammalian pests in farms.
what is a pest? a pest can be a rodent, as long as it is destroying farm produce
2. Rodents
These include rats, grass-cutters, African rabbits and hares. DIAGRAM Figure 2.8.6: A Rodent
(Grass-cutter)
Nature of Damage from rodent pests They cut down and eat various parts of the crop, especially cereal and tuber crops. Grass-cutters eat up rice, young palm seedlings and maize plants. Rats eat up stored produce like tubers and grains. Hare eats up planted grains.
(b)
how to control rodent pests in crops
(i) Use of poison baits
(ii) Use of traps
(iii) By shooting with guns,
(iv) Use of rat gums.
what is a pest? a pest can be a mammal, as long as it is destroying farm produce
3. Other Mammalian Pests
These include monkeys, deer, antelopes and bush pigs.
They do a lot of damage to crops on the farm by uprooting and eating them up.
For example, monkeys eat up plantains, banana maize and cocoa pods.
Control:
(i) Trapping (ii) Shooting with gun.
what is a pest? a pest can be a bird as long as it is destroying farm produce
4. Classify the following into biting and chewing, piercing and sucking, and boring insect pests:- Beetles, Aphids. stem borers, caps ids, weevils, locusts, mealybugs, crickets, cotton stainer, 5. Itemise >>>>> you would use for rodents attack on your farm.
for the purpose of this subject, here is a few lists of pests of crops,
African black beetle (Heteronychus arator)
Amnemus weevil (Amnemus sp.)
Ants, Seed harvesting (Pheidole)
Aphids (various)
Aphid, Soybean (Aphis glycine)
Aphid, Spotted alfalfa (Therioaphis trifolii)
Aphid, Turnip (Lipaphis erysimi)
Aphid, Wheat (Rhopalosiphum padi)
Armyworms (various)
Armyworm, Common (Leucania convecta)
Armyworm, Dayfeeding (Spodoptera exempta)
Armyworm, Lawn (Spodoptera mauritia)
Armyworm, Lesser (Spodoptera exigua)
Armyworm, Northern (Mythimna separata)
Armyworm, Sugarcane (Leucania stenographa)
Australian plague locust (Chortoicetes terminifera)
Bean fly (Ophiomyia phaseoli)
Bean leafroller (Omiodes diemenalis)
Bean looper or Mocis (Mocis alterna)
Bean podborer (Maruca vitrata)
Bean spider mite (Tetranychus ludeni)
Beet webworm (Spoladea recurvalis)
Black field cricket (Teleogryllus commodus, T. oceanicus, Lepidogryllus parvulus)
Black field earwig (Nala lividipes)
Black leaf beetle (Rhyparida nitida)
Black sunflower scarab (Pseudoheteronyx sp.)
Bluegreen aphid (Acyrthosiphon kondoi)
Blue oat mite (Penthaleus major)
Brown bean bug, Large (Riptortus serripes)
Brown bean bug, Small (Melanacanthus scutellaris)
Brown flea beetle (Chaetocnema sp.)
Brown mirid (Creontiades pacificus)
Brown pasture looper (Ciampa arietaria)
Brown shield bug (Dictyotus caenosus)
Brown wheat mite (Petrobia latens)
Bruchid, Cowpea (Callosobruchus maculatus)
Cabbage aphid (Brevicoryne brassicae)
Cabbage moth (Plutella xylostella)
Castor oil looper (Achaea janata)
Click beetle (Agrypnus spp.)
Clover springtail (Sminthurus viridis)
Cluster caterpillar (Spodoptera litura)
Cockroach, Wingless (Calolampra spp.)
Common armyworm (Leucania convecta)
Common grass blue butterfly (Zizina labradus)
Corn aphid (Rhopalosiphum maidis)
Corn earworm (Helicoverpa armigera)
Cotton aphid (Aphis gossypii)
Cotton bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera)
Cotton harlequin bug (Tectocoris diophthalmus)
Cotton leafhopper (Amrasca terraereginae)
Cotton leafperforator (Bucculatrix gossypii)
Cotton looper (Anomis flava)
Cottonseed bug (Oxycarenus luctuosus)
Cotton seedling thrip (Thrips tabaci)
Cotton tipworm (Crocidosema plebejana)
Cotton webspinner (Achyra affinitalis)
Cowpea aphid (Aphis craccivora)
Cowpea bruchid (Callosobruchus maculatus)
Cricket, Black field (Teleogryllus commodus, T. oceanicus, Lepidogryllus parvulus)
Crop mirid (Sidnia kinbergi)
Cutworm (Agrotis spp.)
Dayfeeding armyworm (Spodoptera exempta)
Diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella)
Dried fruit beetle (Carpophilus spp.)
Locust, Yellow-winged (Gastrimargus musicus)
Locust, Spur-throated (Austracris (Noamdacris) guttulosa)
Loopers (various)
Looper, Bean or Mocis (Mocis alterna)
Looper, Brown pasture (Ciampa arietaria)
Looper, Castor oil (Achaea janata)
Eastern false wireworm (Pterohelaeus spp.)
Earwig, Black field (Nala lividipes)
Etiella moth (Etiella behrii)
False wireworm (Pterohelaeus and Gonocephalum spp.)
Flea beetles, Brown and Redheaded (Chaetocnema and Nisostra sp.)
Flower beetle (Carpophilus spp.)
Grasshoppers and locusts (various)
Grasshopper, Wingless (Phaulacridium vittatum)
Helicoverpa species (armigera, punctigera)
Jassids (leafhoppers) (various)
Lawn armyworm (Spodoptera mauritia)
Leafhoppers (jassids) (various)
Leafhopper, cotton (Amrasca terraereginae)
Leafhopper, lucerne (Austroasca alfalfae)
Leafhopper, maize (Cicadulina bimaculata
Leafhopper, vegetable (Austroasca viridigrisea)
Legume webspinner (Omiodes diemenalis)
Lesser armyworm (Spodoptera exigua)
Light brown apple moth (Epiphyas postvittana)
Locust, Australian plague (Chortoicetes terminifera)
Locust, Migratory (Locusta migratoria)
Looper, Cotton (Anomis flava)
Looper, Sugarcane (Mocis frugalis)
Looper, Soybean (Thysanoplusia orichalcea)
Looper, Tobacco (Chrysodeixis argentifera)
Looper, Vegetable (Chrysodeixis eriosoma)
Mocis trifasciata no common name
Pantydia spp .
Lucerne crownborer (Zygrita diva)
Lucerne flea (Sminthurus viridis)
Lucerne leafhopper (Austroasca alfalfae)
Lucerne leafroller (Merophyas divulsana)
Lucerne seed wasp (Bruchophagus roddi)
Lucerne seed web moth (Etiella behrii)
Maize leafhopper (Cicadulina bimaculata)
Maize thrips (Frankliniella williamsi)
Mealybug (Family Psuedococcidae)
Mealybug, solenopsis (Phenacoccus solenopsis)
Midge, Sorghum (Stenodiplosis sorghicola)
Migratory locust (Locusta migratoria)
Mirids (Creontiades and Sidnia spp.)
Mites (various)
Aphid, Bluegreen (Acyrthosiphon kondoi)
Aphid, Cabbage (Brevicoryne brassicae)
Aphid, Corn (Rhopalosiphum maidis)
Aphid, Cotton (Aphis gossypii)
Aphid, Cowpea (Aphis craccivora)
Aphid, Green peach (Myzus persicae)
Aphid, Oat (Rhopalosiphum padi)
Aphid, Pea (Acyrthosiphon pisum)
Aphid, Rice root (Rhopalosiphum rufiabdominalis)
Aphid, Rose grain (Metopolophium dirhodum)
Mite, Bean spider (Tetranychus ludeni)
Mite, Brown-wheat (Petrobia latens)
Mite, Blue oat (Penthaleus major)
Mite, Peanut (Paraplonobia spp.)
Mite, Redlegged earth (Halotydeus destructor)
Mites, Strawberry spider (Tetranychus lambi) Greenhouse whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum)
Green peach aphid (Myzus persicae)
Green mirid (Creontiades dilutus)
Green vegetable bug (Nezara viridula)
Green stink bug (Plautia affinis)
Grey cluster bug (Nysius clevelandensis
Mite, Two-spotted (Tetranychus urticae)
Mocis alterna (bean looper)
Mocis frugalis (sugarcane looper)
Mocis trifasciata
Monolepta (red-houldered leaf beetle), (Monolepta australis)
for the comprehensive list A-Z please read here my credit goes to them
classification of Pests of Crops
1. Bird
These attack mainly grain crops such as maize, rice, sorghum and barley. They also attack fruits in the field. Examples of these birds are Weaver birds (Quela), parrots, etc.
(a) Nature of Damage: They peck out planted seeds, eat up grains on the field and destroy leaves of some plants such as oil palm. They also eat ripe fruits such as pawpaw, mango, and cashew.
(b) Control
1. Use of scarecrows2. Spraying chemicals such as furan with aircraft,
3. Shooting with a catapult or gun.
2. Rodents
These include rats, grass-cutters, African rabbits and hares.
(a) Nature of Damage: They cut down and eat various parts of the crop, especially cereal and tuber crops. Grass-cutters eat up rice, young palm seedlings and maize plants. Rats eat up stored produce like tubers and grains. Hare eats up planted grains.
(b) Control:
(i) Use of poison baits
(ii) Use of traps
(iii) By shooting with guns,
(iv) Use of rat gums.
3. Other Mammalian Pests
These include monkeys, deer, antelopes and bush pigs.
They do a lot of damage to crops on the farm by uprooting and eating them up. For example, monkeys eat up plantains, banana maize and cocoa pods.
Control:
(i) Trapping
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