PRICE LEGISLATION
What is Price legislation? This also known as price control policy, refers to how the government or its agency fixes the price of essential commodities.
Price legislation refers to government regulations or laws that control or limit the prices that businesses can charge for goods and services. Price legislation can take several forms, such as price controls, price ceilings, and price floors.
Price controls are government-imposed limits on the prices that businesses can charge for goods and services. Price ceilings, for example, set a maximum price that a business can charge for a particular good or service. Price floors, on the other hand, set a minimum price that a business must charge for a particular good or service.
Price legislation is often used as a tool to address issues such as inflation or price gouging during times of crisis. However, it can also have unintended consequences, such as shortages of goods and services, reduced quality, and decreased supply.
Overall, price legislation is a complex and controversial topic that involves balancing the interests of consumers, businesses, and the government. It is often a subject of debate among economists and policymakers, who must weigh the benefits and costs of price controls and other forms of price regulation.
Price legislation, Price control was carried out in Nigeria by the Price Control Board.
Types of price control policy and price legislation
- Minimum price control policy: The minimum prices are the lowest prices by law, below which the specified goods and services cannot be sold or bought.
- Minimum prices may be fixed on commodities if the aim is to protect producers (especially agricultural producers) from the income fluctuation brought about by poor harvests.
- Maximum price control policy: A maximum price control is the highest price level above which goods and services cannot be sold. Under this condition, nobody is allowed to sell goods and services above the maximum price but selling below it is allowed.
What are the Objectives of the price control policy?
The objectives of Price legislation and price control policy, both minimum and maximum are:
- To prevent the exploitation of consumers by producers.
- To avoid or control inflation.
- To help low-income earners, e.g. minimum wage earners.
- To control the profits of companies (especially monopolists).
- To prevent fluctuation of prices of some products, e.g. agricultural produce.
- To stabilize the income of some producers, e.g. farmers.
- To make possible planning for future output.
the effects of price control legislation
(1) It stimulates excess demand, which cannot be satisfied, i.e. shortage in the market.
(2) It encourages the hoarding of commodities by wholesalers and retailers.
- It leads to the creation of a “black market” or under-counter sales and its attendant high prices.
- It encourages conditional sales of products.
- It discourages shortages, which might result in queues and racketeering..
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