organic agriculture and it’s importance. Organic agriculture and its importance is a system of farming which is an agricultural method that includes the production of crops and livestock by using natural means instead of spraying pesticides, use of fertilizers, antibiotics, genetic modifications of growth hormones and organisms.
organic agriculture simply means the use of ruminants and decay of plants and animal by-products to improve agricultural production. the importance of organic agriculture very key to human survival. one of the benefit of organic farming is that it is carried out using using natural means to improve crop production.
Meaning of organic agriculture
organic agriculture simply means the use of ruminants and decay of plants and animal by-products to improve agricultural production. In other words, it involves the use of remains of plants and animals to improve the production of crops for improve yield in agriculture. Organic agriculture involves the use of prepared manure which are natural to improve agricultural production. In this regard the use of artificial chemical like inorganic fertilizer does not constitute in which it is called organic agriculture.
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| organic vegetables and fruits |
“Organic agriculture can be defined as “an integrated farming system that strives for sustainability, the enhancement of soil fertility and biological diversity while, with rare exceptions, prohibiting synthetic pesticides, antibiotics, synthetic fertilizers, genetically modified organisms, and growth hormones”
Types of organic agriculture
Forms of organic agriculture
The use of material obtained from plants and animals in form of organic materials are available for use in agriculture. These include:
The uses of organic matter in organic agriculture
1. Organic matter
Definition: Organic manure refers to the decayed plant and animal product which have been carefully prepared to supply nutrients to plants or crops
Types of organic manure
There are three types of organic manure these are:
(a) Green manure
(b) Farm yard manure
(c) Compose manure
2. Cover cropping: Cover cropping is a process of planting certain plats mainly to cover soil surface. By so doing, the nutrients are conserved in the soil
3. Mulching: Mulching is another form of organic agriculture whereby certain dead and decaying plants are used to cover the soil in order to conserve soil water and prevent evaporation
4. Crop rotation: Thus is the planting of different types of crop on the same piece of land in a definite sequence so as to maintain the fertility of the soil
IMPORTANCE OF ORGANIC MATTER TO ORGANIC FARMING
Organic manuring as a way of improving soil fertility has the following advantages:
i. It promotes the activities of soil living organisms such as earthworms , termites and microbes. These organisms promote aeration of the soil, easy percolation of water, mixing organic materials with soil, form humans and fix nitrogen into the soil.
All these help to promote the fertility of the soil
ii. Organic manure helps to improve the structure of the soil by building the particles of coarse texture soil together.
iii. Mineralization of human adds to the nutrients to the soil
iv. It reduces rapid soil temperature fluctuations. As a result of its dark colour, humans easily absorb heat during the day and loses it slowly at night.
v. Organic manure helps to conserve moisture and prevent evaporation from the soil
vi. Organic manure (humus) has a buffering effect on the soil; that is , it balances the acid-base condition of the soil or soil pH
vii. It prevents erosion because it improves the structure of the soil and reduces the speed of the run-off
viii. Organic matter increases water holding capacity of soil
ix. It increases the rate of water percolation through clay soil
x. It increases the activities of soil micro-organism
xi. It improves the aeration of the soil
All these advantages of organic manure help to maintain or even promote the availability of nutrients in the soil.
PROBLEMS OF ORGANIC AGRICULTURE
- IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE
19. IRRIGATION SYSTEMS
20. INCUBATORS
21. MILKING MACHINE
22. SIMPLE FARM TOOLS
23. AGRICULTURAL MECHANIZATION
24. THE CONCEPT OF MECHANIZATION
25. PROBLEMS OF MECHANIZATION
26. SURVEYING AND PLANNING OF FARMSTEAD
27. IMPORTANCE OF FARM SURVEY
28. SURVEY EQUIPMENT
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PRINCIPLES OF FARM OUTLAY
30. SUMMARY OF FARM SURVEYING
31. CROP HUSBANDRY PRACTICES
32. PESTS AND DISEASE OF MAIZE- ZEA MAYS
33. CULTIVATION OF MAIZE CROP
34. OIL PALM
35. USES OF PALM OIL
36. MAINTENANCE OF PALM PLANTATION
37. COCOA
38.
39. PROCESSES IN COCOA CULTIVATION
HOLING AND LINING
40. YAM
41. LAND PREPARATION FOR YAM
42. DEPT OF PLANTING
43. SPACING OF YAM
44. PLANTING DEPT OF YAM
45. STORAGE OF YAM
46. STAKING OF YAM
47. HARVESTING OF YAM
48. COWPEA
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