Causes of soil acidity. The two can be caused by any of the following reasons, Leaching is a major cause of soil acidity. What it means is that through leaching and washing down the nutrients below the soil surface where it is difficult for plant roots to access in order to get nutrients for growth
Things That Causes Soil Acidity
The presence of acid parent materials. The presence of acid parent materials can cause the ground or soil to become acidic. The presence of acid parent materials resort in the easy dissolution of The Rock’s leaving behind mineral rich in hydrogen ions
The presence of sulphur in the soil- sulphur undergoes oxidation and dissolution to form weak acid in the soil
Ways to remove soil acidity from the soil
It can be removed by the application of liming materials which are rich in calcium
The following underlisted are examples of learning materials use to remove soil acidity
Limestone
Slake lime
Quick lime
Calcium bicarbonate
Wood ash
Dolomite or calcite
Basic slag
Gypsum
Organic manure can also be applied to remove soil pH or acidity
Effects of soil acidity on crop production
The following are ways whereby the soil becomes acidic and their effects to crops
production low ph or high acidity causes the disintegration of clay materials which are leached from the soil
Low pH causes and accumulation of aluminium and manganese which may be toxic to plants roots
Low pH reduces the population of some useful soil organisms such as bacteria and earthworm
The presence of hydrogen ions may have adverse effect on the roots of plants as it hinders the absorption of mineral ions
Soil acidity causes nutrient deficiency especially calcium phosphorus and nitrogen
Soil acidity reduces the activities of soil microorganisms
Humans can easily be leached out of the soil if the pH is high
Soil acidity Reduces the formation of pods in legumes
Soil acidity causes reduced growth and yield of crops
The effect of soil acidity causes lower rate of decomposition of organic matter due to its adverse effect on soil microbes
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159. TAPE WORM
160. ROUND WORM OF PIGS
161. LIVER FLUKE
162. ECTO PARASITES
163. TICK
economic tools for nation building
factors affecting the expansion of industries
mineral resources and the mining industries
Method of Mining petroleum: The method used in mining petroleum is the drilling method. In this method, the underground rocks are sampled and tested for traces of oil. When the oil is discovered, a well is sunk to reach it with the aid of a drilling rig. The oil is then pumped out mechanically or naturally if the pressure within the oil zone in the soil is high. In the soil, three layers within the oil zone exist.
- Natural gas is found on top
- Petroleum or crude oil in the middle
- Water at the bottom
- Coal: This is another source of power. Coal, like petroleum is a sedimentary rock mineral found in Enugu and Okaba (Benue state). The type of coal in Nigeria is the subbituminous grade. Coal is mainly used as a major source of fuel in the home and in railway locomotives in the past.
Methods of Mining Coal
Coal is mined by Underground mining or adit method.
- A tunnel or adit is cut into the coal seam.
- Explosives are used to dig out the coal
- A light rail car hauls the coal from the funnel to the surface or into lorries from where it is exported to other countries or consumed locally
- Iron Ore: Iron Ore is a basement complex rock mineral found in Itakpe (Kogi state) and Aladja (Delta state). Iron Ore is fed to iron and steel complex in Ajaokuta (Kogi state) and Aladja near Warri (Delta state). The iron and steel rolling mills are located in Osogbo (Osun state), Jos (Plateau state) and Katsina (Kastina state)
Method of Mining Iron Ore
